安装包：官网下载安装程序 http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/ mysql-community-client-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64 (1).rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64.rpmyum本地安装 yum localinstall mysql-community*初始化数据库，修改密码 mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('mysql') where user="root"; flush privileges; alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';增加一个用于同步数据的账户并设置相关的权限 set global validate_password_policy=0; --设置密码策略 grant replication slave on *.* to 'rsync'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'rsync@2016'; ##增加同步账号，并附加权限修改mysql配置文件my.cnf /etc/my.cnf master上my.cnf 增加以下几行 server-id=1 log-bin=master-bin ##主服务器二进制日志文件前缀名 log-bin-index=master-bin.index ##索引文件slave上my.cnf增加以下几行 server-id=2 ## server-id必须唯一 relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index ##索引文件 relay-log=slave-relay-bin ##备服务器二进制日志文件前缀名在slave开启复制功能查看master状态show master status；mysql> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 154 | | | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 在从服务器上开启复制功能change master to master_host='192.168.32.11',master_user='rsync',master_password='rsync@2016',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;查看salve状态,并启动slavemysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.32.11 Master_User: rsync Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_Space: 154 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 0 Master_UUID: Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)ERROR: No query specifiedmysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.32.11 Master_User: rsync Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 321 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154 Relay_Log_Space: 528 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: c1095776-e1ec-11e5-889b-000c29af54e2 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)ERROR: No query specified主从复制已经搭建完成，接下来我们测试master上创建数据库xmj mysql> create database xmj; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | xmj | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.06 sec)创建数据表测试 mysql> use xmj; Database changed mysql> create table xmj(id int(3),name char(10)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_xmj | +---------------+ | xmj | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)在表xmj中插入一条记录 mysql> insert into xmj values (001,'yixiuge'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) mysql> select * from xmj; +------+---------+ | id | name | +------+---------+ | 1 | yixiuge | +------+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 查看salve数据库和表是否同步 mysql> use xmj Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_xmj | +---------------+ | xmj | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_xmj | +---------------+ | xmj | +---------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from xmj; +------+---------+ | id | name | +------+---------+ | 1 | yixiuge | +------+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 测试数据库和表都正常同步，此刻主从复制架构已经搭建完成但是目前我们salve数据库还具有可写入操作，这样容易造成主从同步的时候数据库错乱和损坏，此时就需要设置，slave为只读模式查看数据库的运行状态 mysql> show global variables like 'read%'; +----------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+--------+ | read_buffer_size | 131072 | | read_only | OFF | | read_rnd_buffer_size | 262144 | +----------------------+--------+ 3 rows in set (0.15 sec)此时read_only = off 只读模式处于关闭状态，我们打开 mysql> set global read_only=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec) mysql> show global variables like 'read%'; +----------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+--------+ | read_buffer_size | 131072 | | read_only | ON | | read_rnd_buffer_size | 262144 | +----------------------+--------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)#这里是直接修改的，但是重启后会还原，还需要加入配置文件中 vi /etc/my.cnf 添加一行 read-only = on 到这里主从复制已经完全搭建完成注：这里是一个简单的主从架构，考虑业务和数据的安全的方方面面，还需要根据自己的需求设置相应的参数。一休哥